📘 Geography Optional – Paper I

Page 29 – Advanced Biogeography & Ecology

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Q1. Define Biogeography. Explain its scope. (10 Marks)

• Study of spatial distribution of flora & fauna
• Environmental controls
• Human impact

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Q2. Discuss Ecosystem structure and functions. (15 Marks)

• Producers, consumers, decomposers
• Energy flow
• Nutrient cycling

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Q3. Explain Ecological Succession. (10 Marks)

• Primary succession
• Secondary succession
• Climax community

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Q4. Discuss Biomes of the world. (15 Marks)

• Tropical rainforest
• Grasslands
• Deserts
• Tundra

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Q5. Explain Biodiversity and its levels. (10 Marks)

• Genetic diversity
• Species diversity
• Ecosystem diversity

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Q6. Discuss Environmental Degradation causes. (10 Marks)

• Deforestation
• Pollution
• Overexploitation

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Q7. Explain Concept of Carrying Capacity. (10 Marks)

• Maximum sustainable population
• Resource limitation
• Ecological balance

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Q8. Discuss Conservation Strategies. (15 Marks)

• In-situ conservation
• Ex-situ conservation
• Protected areas

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Q9. Explain Ecotone and Edge Effect. (10 Marks)

• Transition zone
• High biodiversity region

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Q10. Evaluate role of Biogeography in climate resilience. (15 Marks)

• Ecosystem restoration
• Carbon sinks
• Adaptive species management

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🌿 Page 29 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 290 / 1000