📘 Geography Optional – Paper I

Page 25 – Geography Thinkers & Contributions

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Q1. Discuss the contribution of Alexander von Humboldt. (10 Marks)

• Father of Modern Geography
• Empirical observation
• Unity of nature concept

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Q2. Explain the contribution of Carl Ritter. (10 Marks)

• Regional geography
• Comparative method
• Teleological approach

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Q3. Discuss Friedrich Ratzel’s contributions. (15 Marks)

• Anthropogeography
• Organic theory of state
• Environmental determinism

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Q4. Explain Vidal de la Blache’s Possibilism. (15 Marks)

• Human choice emphasis
• Genre de vie concept
• Regional approach

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Q5. Discuss contribution of Halford Mackinder. (10 Marks)

• Heartland theory
• Geopolitical importance of Eurasia

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Q6. Explain Carl Sauer’s Cultural Landscape concept. (10 Marks)

• Human modification of environment
• Landscape interpretation

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Q7. Discuss Christaller’s Central Place Theory contribution. (10 Marks)

• Urban hierarchy
• Market area model

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Q8. Explain Peter Haggett’s role in Quantitative Geography. (10 Marks)

• Spatial analysis
• Model building
• Scientific approach

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Q9. Discuss David Harvey’s Radical Geography. (15 Marks)

• Marxist geography
• Capitalism & space
• Spatial justice

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Q10. Evaluate the evolution of geographical thought. (15 Marks)

• Determinism → Possibilism
• Regional → Quantitative
• Behavioural → Radical → Postmodern

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📊 Page 25 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 250 / 1000