📘 Geography Optional – Paper I (Advanced Series)

Page 38 – Geographical Thought (Advanced Scholars & Criticism)

---

Q1. Trace the evolution of geographical thought from classical to modern period. (20 Marks)

• Greek foundations (Strabo, Ptolemy)
• German school (Humboldt, Ritter)
• Environmental determinism
• Quantitative revolution
• Post-modern geography

---

Q2. Critically examine Environmental Determinism. (15 Marks)

• Ratzel’s ideas
• Climate control theory
• Criticism & decline
• Neo-determinism

---

Q3. Discuss Possibilism and its contribution. (15 Marks)

• Vidal de la Blache
• Human choice emphasis
• Criticism

---

Q4. Examine Hartshorne’s Areal Differentiation concept. (15 Marks)

• Regional geography approach
• Exceptionalism debate

---

Q5. Evaluate Quantitative Revolution in Geography. (20 Marks)

• Statistical techniques
• Spatial science approach
• Criticism (lack of human dimension)

---

Q6. Discuss Behavioural Geography. (15 Marks)

• Perception studies
• Decision-making models
• Humanistic geography

---

Q7. Examine Radical & Marxist Geography. (15 Marks)

• David Harvey
• Capitalism & space
• Social justice focus

---

Q8. Discuss Feminist Geography. (15 Marks)

• Gendered spaces
• Power relations
• Criticism

---

Q9. Evaluate Postmodernism in Geography. (15 Marks)

• Plural perspectives
• Critique of grand theories

---

Q10. Write short notes on: (10 Marks)

• Regionalism
• Spatial analysis
• Humanistic geography

---

📊 Page 38 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 380 / 1000