Geography Optional – Paper II
Page 21 – Economic Reforms, Globalisation & Regional Impacts
Advanced Analytical Questions (Q401–420)
1. Economic Reforms in India
- Liberalisation (1991 Reforms)
- Privatisation
- Global Integration
- FDI & Trade Expansion
2. Regional Economic Impacts
- Rise of IT Corridors (Bengaluru, Hyderabad)
- Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
- Coastal Economic Development
- Uneven Growth Patterns
3. Globalisation & Spatial Inequality
- Urban-Centric Growth
- Migration Flows
- Informal Sector Expansion
- Regional Disparities
4. Sustainable Economic Geography
- Inclusive Growth
- Make in India
- Atmanirbhar Bharat
- Balanced Regional Planning
📘 Model Questions & Answers (Q401–410)
Q401. Analyse spatial impact of 1991 economic reforms.
Answer: Liberalisation accelerated growth in metropolitan regions while interior states lagged behind.
Answer: Liberalisation accelerated growth in metropolitan regions while interior states lagged behind.
Q402. Discuss role of SEZs in regional development.
Answer: SEZs promote exports and industrial clustering but often concentrate in already developed regions.
Answer: SEZs promote exports and industrial clustering but often concentrate in already developed regions.
Q403. Evaluate IT corridor growth in southern India.
Answer: Availability of skilled workforce and infrastructure fostered IT hubs in Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
Answer: Availability of skilled workforce and infrastructure fostered IT hubs in Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
Q404. Analyse migration patterns under globalisation.
Answer: Rural-to-urban migration intensified, creating megacity expansion and labour market pressures.
Answer: Rural-to-urban migration intensified, creating megacity expansion and labour market pressures.
Q405. Discuss coastal economic zones development.
Answer: Coastal regions benefit from port connectivity and export-oriented industries.
Answer: Coastal regions benefit from port connectivity and export-oriented industries.
Q406. Examine informal sector growth.
Answer: Globalisation increased informal employment due to flexible labour markets.
Answer: Globalisation increased informal employment due to flexible labour markets.
Q407. Evaluate Make in India initiative.
Answer: Aims to boost manufacturing but faces infrastructure and skill challenges.
Answer: Aims to boost manufacturing but faces infrastructure and skill challenges.
Q408. Analyse Atmanirbhar Bharat strategy.
Answer: Promotes domestic production and reduced import dependency.
Answer: Promotes domestic production and reduced import dependency.
Q409. Discuss inequality trends in post-reform India.
Answer: Economic growth has widened income and regional inequality.
Answer: Economic growth has widened income and regional inequality.
Q410. Suggest measures for balanced economic development.
Answer: Infrastructure investment in backward regions and skill development programmes.
Answer: Infrastructure investment in backward regions and skill development programmes.
📝 Analytical Short Questions (Q411–420)
- Q411. Compare coastal and inland development patterns.
- Q412. Analyse FDI distribution in India.
- Q413. Discuss global supply chains and India.
- Q414. Evaluate regional industrial clustering.
- Q415. Examine export-led growth model.
- Q416. Analyse economic corridor strategy.
- Q417. Discuss spatial inequality under globalisation.
- Q418. Evaluate digital economy’s regional impact.
- Q419. Analyse labour mobility trends.
- Q420. Critically examine geography of economic reforms in India.
Shaktimatha Learning | Geography Optional – Paper II | Page 21
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